Monday 24 December 2012

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                      I Am Sorry That I Was Not Posting For A Few Months. If You Have Anything Interesting To Share Email It To csvs.harshu@gmail.com . And Title It As "This Is For Greek Mythology"

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Thursday 25 October 2012

The Tartarus

Before there was Zeus and Hera overseeing the gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus, the Greek Titans held the highest position in the Greek mythology food chain. Powerful and legendary, these deities ruled during what is known as the 'Golden Age.' They served as the Elder Gods until younger gods, called the Olympians, overthrew them. This shift in power that took place in the world of Greek mythology replaced the Greek Titans – 12 in all – with the likes of Zeus. 

The 12 first-generation Titans were led by the youngest, Kronos (Saturn), who overthrew their father, Uranus ('Sky') at the request of their mother, Gaia ('Earth'). Zeus was able to overthrown the Titans in a clash known as the 'War of the Titans' or the Titanomachy. After their defeat, the Titans were held prisoner in Tartarus – the deepest part of the Underworld. Only a few that did not oppose Zeus were allowed to remain outside of Tartarus. 

The 12 Titans that ruled before the Olympians took over were, included the following ancient figures: 

Cronus

At one point, Cronus (or Kronus) was the leader and youngest of the first generation of Titans. Just like he was overthrown by his sons, Zeus, Hades, and Poseidon, he too overthrew his father so that he could rule throughout the Golden Age of Greek mythology. Some accounts have Cronus imprisoned in Tartarus along with the other Titans, while other recollections show him sent to rule the paradise of the Elysian Fields.

Rhea

The daughter of Uranus and Gaia, Rhea served as the 'mother of gods.' Early traditions have her strongly connected to Gaia and Cybele, the Great Goddess. In later classical Greek texts, she is known as the mother of the Olympian gods and goddesses. While she was their mother, she never permanently lived amongst them. 

Themis

Known as the embodiment of divine order, law, and custom, Themis was often described as 'of good counsel.' Whenever organized affairs involving the humans (like community assemblies) took place, it was she that was seen to have a hand in the planning. Themis' name translates into 'law of nature.'

Oceanus

The ocean waters that covered the world were personified in Oceanus, the Titan son of Uranus and Gaia. If you come across any Hellenistic and Roman mosaics depicting him, he is often seen with the upper body of a man with muscles and a lengthy beard and horns. His lower torso is the same as a serpent.  

Mnemosyne

In Greek mythology, Mnemosyne is the personification of memory. Born to Gaia and Uranus, she is also known as the mother of the Nine Muses, which she had with Zeus – the ruler of all Greek gods and goddesses. 

Tethys

As the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, Tethys served as the aquatic sea goddess in ancient Greek myths and was also both the sister and wife of Oceanus. In classical Greek poetry and other text, she is mentioned as the mother of the chief rivers of the world (the Nile, the Alpheus, and the Maeander). She is also mother to around 3,000 daughters, known as the Oceanids. 

Hyperion

The son of Gaia and Uranus, Hyperion was often called the 'Sun High-one' and made literary appearances in the work of Homer and Hesiod. 

Theia

This Titaness is known for ruling the sun and is featured in a handful of myths that date back to Classical Antiquity days. 

Coeus and Phoebe

As part of the list of Titans, Coeus does not actively appear in any aspects of Greek religion. Coeus was known as the Titan of Wisdom in myth, and for this reason, considered one of the smartest out of the Titans. Along with his sister, known as 'shining' Phoebe, he fathered Leto and Asteria. Further down the family tree, Leto would bring twins Artemis and Apollo into the world with Zeus as their father. In traditional circles, Phoebe was associated with the moon.

The Introduction


Greek mythology are myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece and are part of religion in modern Greece and around the world as Hellenismos. Modern scholars refer to, and study, the myths in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece, its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself.[1]
Greek mythology is embodied, explicitly, in a large collection of narratives, and implicitly in Greek representational arts, such as vase-paintings and votive gifts. Greek myth attempts to explain the origins of the world, and details the lives and adventures of a wide variety of gods, goddesses, heroes, heroines, and mythological creatures. These accounts initially were disseminated in an oral-poetic tradition; today the Greek myths are known primarily from Greek literature.
The oldest known Greek literary sources, Homer's epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, focus on events surrounding the Trojan War. Two poems by Homer's near contemporary Hesiod, the Theogony and the Works and Days, contain accounts of the genesis of the world, the succession of divine rulers, the succession of human ages, the origin of human woes, and the origin of sacrificial practices. Myths also are preserved in the Homeric Hymns, in fragments of epic poems of the Epic Cycle, inlyric poems, in the works of the tragedians of the fifth century BC, in writings of scholars and poets of the Hellenistic Age and in texts from the time of the Roman Empire by writers such as Plutarch and Pausanias.
Archaeological findings provide a principal source of detail about Greek mythology, with gods and heroes featured prominently in the decoration of many artifacts. Geometric designs on pottery of the eighth century BC depict scenes from the Trojan cycle as well as the adventures of Heracles. In the succeeding Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic periods, Homeric and various other mythological scenes appear, supplementing the existing literary evidence.[2] Greek mythology has had an extensive influence on the culture, arts, and literature of Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language. Poets and artists from ancient times to the present have derived inspiration from Greek mythology and have discovered contemporary significance and relevance in the themes.


Thursday 18 October 2012

About Zeus

ZEUS was the King of the Gods, and the god of weather, fate, law and order.

The majority of Zeus' children were only linked to him with the briefest of genealogical references. Most of these were the mythical founders of certain (historical) noble and royal houses, who naturally wished to claim descent from the king of the gods.

About Zeus Family


AIGIPAN A Rustic God, son of Zeus and Aix or Boetis (the wife of Pan).
ALATHEIA The Goddess of Truth was a daughter of Zeus.
APHRODITE The Goddess of Love was, according to some, a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Dione (most accounts, however, say she was born in the sea from the severed genitals of Ouranos).
APOLLON The God of Music, Prophecy and Healing was a son of Zeus and the Titaness Leto.
ARES The God of War was a son of Zeus and his wife Hera.
ARTEMIS The Goddess of Hunting and Protectress of Young Girls was a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Leto.
ASOPOS The God of the River Asopos in Argos (Southern Greece) was, according to some, the son of Zeus and Eurynome (most accounts, however, call him a son of Okeanos and Tethys).
ATE The Goddess of Blind Folly and Ruin was, according to some, a daughter of Zeus (others say she was born fatherless to Eris).
ATHENE The Goddess of Warcraft, Wisdom and Craft was sprung directly from the head of Zeus. Her mother was the Titaness Metis whom Zeus had swallowed whole in pregnancy.
BRITOMARTIS The Goddess of Hunting and Fishing Nets was a daughter of Zeus and the Nymphe Karme.
DIKE The Goddess of Justice, one of the three Horai, was a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Themis.
DIONYSOS The God of Wine and Debauchery was a son of Zeus and Semele (or in a few unorthodox accounts, of Zeus and Demeter or Dione).
EILEITHYIA The Goddess (or Goddesses) of Childbirth were daughters of Zeus and Hera.
EIRENE The Goddess of Peace, one of the three Horai, was a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Themis.
ERIS The Goddess of Strife and Warfare was, according to some, a daughter of Zeus and Hera (most, however, say she was a daughter of Nyx).
ERSA The Goddess of the Dew was a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Selene.
EUNOMIA The Goddess of Good Governance, one of the three Horai, was a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Themis.
HARMONIA The Goddess of Harmony was, according to one author, a daughter of Zeus and the Pleiad Elektra (the usual account makes her a daughter of Ares and Aphrodite who was only fostered by the Pleiad).
HEBE The Goddess of Youth was a daughter of Zeus and Hera.
HEPHAISTOS The God of Smiths was, according to some, a son of Zeus and Hera (though many say Hera conceived him without the assistance of Zeus).
HERMES The God of Merchants, Shepherds and Messengers was a son of Zeus and the Pleiad Maia.
HORAI, THE The three Goddesses of the Seasons (Dike, Eirene, and Eunomia) were daughters of Zeus and the Titaness Themis.
KABEIROI, THE The Gods of the Mysteries of Samothrake were, according to some, sons of Zeus and the Mousa Kalliope (most, however, call them sons of Hephaistos and Kabeiro).
KAIROS The God of Opportunity was the youngest divine son of Zeus.
KENTAUROI KYRPIOI, THE A tribe of Kentauroi (Centaurs) from the island of Kypros (in the Eastern Meditteranean). They sprang from Gaia the Earth when Zeus accidentally impregnated his failed attempt to make love to Aphrodite.
KHARITES, THE The three Goddesses of Grace, Beauty and Mirth (named Aglaia, Euphrosyne and Thaleia) were daughters of Zeus and the Titaness Eurynome.
KORYBANTES SAMOTHRAKIOI, THE The orgiastic demi-gods of the Samothrakian Mysteries were sometimes described as sons of Zeus and the Mousa Kalliope.
LITAI, THE The elderly Goddesses of Prayer were daughters of Zeus.
MELINOE A Demon Goddess of the Underworld, whose body was half black and half white. She as a daughter of Zeus and Persephone.
MOIRAI, THE The three Goddesses of Fate and Destiny (Atropos, Lakhesis and Klotho) were, according to some, daughters of Zeus and the Titaness Themis (others say they were daughters of Nyx, Ananke or Khaos).
MOUSAI, THE The nine Goddesses of Music and Song (named Kalliope, Terpsikhore, Kleio, Euterpe, Ourania, Thaleia, Polyhymnia, Melpomene, Erato) were daughters of Zeus and the Titaness Mnemosyne.
NEMEA A Minor Goddess or Nymphe, daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Selene.
NYMPHAI, THE Nymphai in general were sometimes called the daughters of Zeus.
NYMPHAI THEMEIDES, THE Three Goddess-Nymphai were named as daughters of Zeus and the Titaness Themis.
PALIKOI, THE Twin Gods of the Geysers of Palikoi in Sikelia (Sicily in Southern Italia). They were, according to some, the sons of Zeus and Thaleia (but others say they were sons of Hephaistos and Aitna).
PAN The God of Shepherds was, according to one author, the son of Zeus and Hybris (but others invariably call him a son of Hermes).
PANDEIA A Minor Goddess or Nymphe, daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Selene.
PERSEPHONE The Goddess of the Underworld and Renewal of Spring was a daughter of Zeus and Demeter (or, according to one account, of Zeus and Styx).
PHASIS The God of the River Phasis of Kolkhis (in the Kaukasos, Europe / Asia border) was, according to some, a son of Zeus (other say he was a son of Okeanos and Tethys like the other Rivers).
ZAGREOS The God Zagreos was a son of Zeus and his own daughter Persephone. He was slain by the Titanes, but Zeus recovered the child's heart and fed it to Semele and Zagreos was reborn as the god Dionysos. [Zagreos and his parents were originally Gods of Thrake, later identified with Greek counterparts.]
(2) MORTAL OFFSPRING
AIAKOS A King of the island of Aigina (in Southern Greece). He as the son of Zeus and the Nymphe Aigina.
AITHLIOS The first King of Elis (in Southern Greece), son of Zeus and either Protogeneia or Kalyke.
AKHEILOS A Lydian boy (Asia Minor), son of Zeus and Lamia, who contested with the goddess Aphrodite in beauty.
ALEXANDROS (the Great) An (historical) King of Makedonia (of Northern Greece) and later Conqueror of much of the known world. He was, according to legend, a son of Zeus born to the Makedonian Queen Olympia. [This is a unique example of an historical personage bestowed with mythic origins].
AMPHION A King of Thebes in Boiotia (Central Greece). He was a twin son of Zeus and Antiope.
ARGOS The first King and Eponym of Argos (in Southern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and Niobe.
ARKAS A King and Eponym of Arkadia (in Southern Greece), son of Zeus and Kallisto.
ARKEISIOS A King of the islands of Ithaka and Kephallenia (in Central Greece). He was a son of Zeus, or according to others, of Kephalos and Prokris.
ATYMNIOS A Lord of Krete (in the Greek Aegean). He was a son of Zeus and Kassiopeia.
DARDANOS The first King of the Troad (in Asia Minor). He was a son of Zeus and Elektra, born on the island of Samothrake.
DIOSKOUROI, THE Twin Princes of Lakedaimonia (in Southern Greece) born from an egg laid by Queen Leda. One of the pair, Polydeukes, was fathered by Zeus, but the other, Kastor, was the son of Leda's husband Tyndareus.
EMATHION A King of the island of Samothrake (in the Greek Aegean). He was a son of Zeus and Elektra.
ENDYMION A King of Elis (in Southern Greece). He was the son of Kalyke, either by Zeus or her husband Aithlios.
EPAPHOS A King of Aigyptos (Egypt, in North Africa), son of Zeus and the much-suffering Io.
GRAIKOS A King of the Graikoi tribe of the Pindar Mountains (in Northern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and Thyia.
HELENE A Queen of Sparta (in Southern Greece), wife of Menelaus, who eloped to Troy with her lover Paris. She was a daughter of Zeus by Leda or the goddess Nemesis.
HELLEN A King of Northern & Central Greece and Eponym of the Hellenes (or Greeks). He was, according to some, a son of Zeus and Pyrrha (though others say his father was Pyrrha's husband Deukalion).
HERAKLES (1) The greatest of the Greek heroes. He was born in the Boiotian city of Thebes (in Central Greece) to Alkmene who was seduced by Zeus in the form of her own husband.
HERAKLES (2) A son of Zeus and Lysithoe. According to some, he was a hero who was confused with the younger Herakles (1).
HEROPHILE A Sibylla (or Prophetess) of Libya (in North Africa) and later Delphoi in Phokis (Central Greece). She was a daughter of Zeus and the Libyan queen Lamia.
IARBAS A King of the Moors (of North Africa). He was a son of Zeus and an African Nymphe.
IASION A Prince of the Island of Samothrake (in the Greek Aegean) and Chief-Priest of the Samothrakian Mysteries. He was a son of Zeus and Elektra.
KEROESSA A Nymphe or Princess of Byzantion (on the Bosporos Strait separating Europe and Asia). She was a daughter of Zeus and Io, and mother of Byzas (founder of the famed city).
KOLAXES A Lord of the Tauric Khersonese (in North-Eastern Europe), son of Zeus and the Nymphe Hora.
KORINTHOS A King and Eponym of Korinthos (in Southern Greece). He was a son of Zeus (or, according to others, of Epopeus).
KRINAKOS A King of Olenos, Akhaia (in Southern Greece). He was a son of Zeus.
KRONIOS A Lord of the island of Rhodes (in the Greek Aegean), one of three sons borne to Zeus and the Nymphe Himalia.
KYTOS A Lord of the island of Rhodes (in the Greek Aegean), one of three sons borne to Zeus and the Nymphe Himalia.
LAKEDAIMON The first King of Lakedaimonia (aka Sparta) (in Southern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and the Pleiad Taygete.
LATINOS A King of Latium (in Central Italia), son of Zeus and Pandora.
MAGNES The first King and Eponym of Magnesia (in Thessalia, Northern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and Thyia (or, according to others, of Aiolos and Enarete).
MAKEDON The first King and Eponym of Makedonia (in Northern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and Thyia.
MANES The first King of Lydia (in Asia Minor), a son of Zeus and Gaia.
MEGAROS The first King of Megara (in Southern Greece), son of Zeus and a Sithnid Nymphe.
MELITEUS A Lord and Eponym of the town of Melite in Phthiotis (in Northern Greece). He was a son of Zeus and Othris.
MINOS A King of the island of Krete (in the Greek Aegean). He was a son of Zeus and Europa.
MYRMIDON A King of Phthiotis (in Northern Greece) and Epynom of the Myrmidones tribe. He was a son of Zeus and Eurymedousa.
ORION A Gigante who was born in answer to the prayers of the childless Boiotian (of Central Greece) King Hyrieus. He was conceived by three gods - Zeus, Hermes and Poseidon - who urinated upon a bull's hide and buried it in the earth, to grow an earth-born infant.
PELASGOS A King of Arkadia or Argos (in Southern Greece) and Eponym of the Pelasgian tribes. He was a son of Zeus and Niobe (though others calls him a son of Poseidon and Larissa or an Autokhthon (Earth-Born).
PEIRITHOUS A King of the Lapithai tribe of Thessalia (Northern Greece) who, according to some, was a son of Zeus and Dia (though most authors say the father was Dia's husband King Ixion).
PERSEUS A Hero and later King of Argos then Mykenai (in the Argolis, Southern Greece). He was the son of Zeus and Danae.
POLYDEUKES A Prince of Lakedaimonia (in Southern Greece) who with his twin-brother were known as the Dioskouroi. Polydeukes was the son of Zeus and Leda, while his twin brother was the son of Leda's husband Tyndareus.
RHADAMANTHYS A Lawmaker of Krete (in the Greek Aegean), and later resident of Thebes in Boiotia (Central Greece). Rhadamanthys was a son of Zeus and Europa.
SAON The first King of the island of Samothrake (in the Greek Aegean). According to some he was the son of Zeus and a local Nymphe (but others say he was a son of Hermes and Rhene).
SARPEDON 1 A King of Lykia (in Asia Minor). He was a son of Zeus and Europa.
SARPEDON 2 A King of Lykia (in Asia Minor) who fought in the Trojan War. He was a son of Zeus and Laodameia.
SPARTAIOS A Lord of the island of Rhodes (in the Greek Aegean), one of three sons borne to Zeus and the Nymphe Himalia.
TANTALOS A criminally minded King of Lydia (in Asia Minor), son of Zeus and the Okeanis Plouto.
TARGITAUS The first King of the Skythia (in North-Eastern Europe), son of Zeus and the daughter of Borysthenes.
TITYOS A Giant of Orkhomenos (in Central Greece) who was, according to some, a son of Zeus and Elare (though others say he was a fatherless son of Gaia the Earth).
ZETHOS A King of Thebes in Boiotia (Central Greece). He was a twin son of Zeus and Antiope.

The Details

Olympian Gods Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hestia, Hera, Aris, Athena, Apollo, Aphrodite, Hermes, Artemis, Hephaestus

 
Titans Gaea, Uranus, Cronus, Rhea, Oceanus, Tethys, Hyperion, Mnemosyne, Themis, Iapetus, Coeus, Crius, Phoebe, Thea, Prometheus, Epimetheus, Atlas, Metis


Other Gods Demeter, Persephone, Dionysus, Eros, Hebe, Eris, Helios, Thanatos, Pan, Nemesis, The Graces, The Muses, The Erinnyes, The Fates


Myths The Creation, The Creation II, Creation of Man by Prometheus, Zeus's Lovers, Birth of Athena, The Wanderings of Dionysus, Theseus Adventures


Creatures Cyclopes, Hecatoncheires, Giants, Ash Tree Nymphs, Typhoeus, Cerberus, Sirens, Centaur, Medusa, Argus Panoptes, Chimaera, Echidna, Gorgons, Pegasus, Chrysaor

Figures Epaphus, The Pleiades, Pontus, Nereus, Doris, Nereids, Amphitrite, Triton, Teiresias, Minos, Rhadamanthus


Places Mount Olympus, The Underworld(The Erebus), Tartarus


Heroes Perseus, Theseus, Bellerophon, Atlanta, Heracles, Meleager



Classic Literature Aeschylus, Euripides, Sophocles, Aristophanes, Plato, Aesop

The Greek Family Tree

                      Uranus = Gaia
                             |
           ---------------------------------------
           |      |          |      |        |
        
Cronus = Rhea       Coeus = Phoebe   Oceanus = Tethys
               |                  |                  |
   ----------------------       
Leto = Zeus       Iapetus
   |   |    |     |   |              |               |
 
Hestia | Poseidon | Demeter=Zeus     |         ----------------
    
Hades   Zeus = Hera   |       |        |      |       |
               |   |  
Persephone     |         | Prometheus |
          
Athena |             ---------      |             |
                   |             |      |   
Atlas   Epimetheus
           ---------------    
Apollo Artemis |          |
           |     |       |                       |         |
        
Aris Hebe Hephaestus             Zeus=Maia  Zeus=Dione
                                                 |         |
                                              
Hermes   Aphrodite